Strategi Promosi Kesehatan Melalui Buku Edukasi dan Pemantauan untuk Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Hipertensi
Kata Kunci:
buku pemantauan, hipertensi, pencegahan dan pengendalian, promosi kesehatanAbstrak
Latar belakang: Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular dengan prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia. Banyak pasien belum memahami pentingnya pengobatan rutin dan pemantauan kesehatan mandiri, yang berdampak pada peningkatan tingkat kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan. Tujuan: Menilai efektivitas penggunaan buku edukasi dan pemantauan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, kepatuhan minum obat, dan kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan disain pre-test post-test di Puskesmas Bandarharjo, Semarang. Sebanyak 15 pasien hipertensi diberikan buku berisi edukasi dasar tentang hipertensi serta tabel pemantauan minum obat dan aktivitas fisik. Penilaian dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan, MMAS-8 (kepatuhan), dan SF-36 (kualitas hidup). Hasil: Setelah intervensi, peserta menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterlibatan dalam pencatatan mandiri. Mayoritas merasa terbantu dengan adanya buku, meskipun ditemukan beberapa hambatan seperti gangguan penglihatan dan lupa mencatat. Rata-rata skor pengetahuan meningkat dari 10,32 menjadi 13,8; skor MMAS-8 menunjukkan kepatuhan sedang dengan nilai rata-rata 5,8. Kualitas hidup berdasarkan SF-36 menunjukkan skor domain fisik 48,2 sedangkan psikologis dan sosial berturut-turut adalah 67,5 dan 70,4. Kesimpulan: Penggunaan buku edukasi dan pemantauan efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan mendorong pemantauan mandiri pada pasien hipertensi. Dukungan berkelanjutan dari keluarga atau kader diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan dan kualitas hidup secara menyeluruh.
Kata kunci: buku pemantauan, hipertensi, pencegahan dan pengendalian, promosi kesehatan
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Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease with a high prevalence in Indonesia. Many patients do not understand the importance of regular medication and self-monitoring, which impacts the level of treatment adherence. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the use of educational and monitoring books on improving knowledge, medication adherence, and quality of life in hypertensive patients. Method: The study used a pre-test-post-test design at the Bandarharjo Community Health Center, Semarang. A total of 15 hypertensive patients were given a book containing basic education about hypertension, as well as a table for monitoring medication intake and physical activity. Assessments were conducted using a knowledge questionnaire, MMAS-8 (adherence), and SF-36 (quality of life). Result: After the intervention, participants showed increased knowledge and engagement in self-recording. The majority found the book helpful, though some encountered obstacles, such as visual impairment and forgetting to record. The average knowledge score increased from 10.32 to 13.8; the MMAS-8 score indicated moderate adherence with an average value of 5.8. Quality of life, as measured by the SF-36, showed a physical domain score of 48.2, while the psychological and social domain scores were 67.5 and 70.4, respectively. Conclusion: The use of educational and monitoring books is effective in increasing knowledge and encouraging self-monitoring in hypertensive patients. Continued support from family or health workers is needed to improve adherence and overall quality of life.
Keywords: monitoring books, hypertension, prevention and control, health promotion
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